What does
Endocrinology deal with?
Our body produces numerous hormones, the complex interactions of which are responsible for the balanced and healthy functioning of the body. These chemical substances provide communication between organs and help adapt to constantly changing external stimuli. Hormones are produced by endocrine glands (e.g., pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal glands, gonads), which are under very complex regulation. Due to this complexity, the investigation of endocrine disorders is also intricate, as a single symptom may indicate problems involving multiple organs. Our endocrinologists work closely with other specialties, such as gynecology, gastroenterology, and diabetology.
Endocrine disorders include thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism), ovarian dysfunction (e.g., PCOS), and hormonal imbalances affecting fertility (e.g., insulin resistance). Obesity, osteoporosis, and hypertension may also have hormonal imbalances as their underlying causes that require investigation.
When should you visit endocrinology?
How does an endocrinological examination proceed?
An endocrinological examination always begins with a thorough inquiry into the patient’s symptoms. The specialist then gathers information about previous illnesses, hospital treatments, reviews current medications, and examines previous medical records.
Following this, blood pressure and pulse measurements are taken using an automatic blood pressure monitor.
This is followed by a detailed physical examination. Our specialist assesses the skin condition, looks for signs of circulatory problems, and checks for lower limb edema. The thyroid gland is palpated. Using a stethoscope, the heart and lungs are examined. Finally, the abdomen is palpated to assess the size of internal organs (liver, spleen). The examination is completely painless and fasting is not required. It is important that patients bring all previous medical documents and a list of current medications. If necessary, our endocrinologist may recommend further specialist examinations (e.g., urology, gynecology).
A comprehensive laboratory blood test is essential for accurately diagnosing hormonal imbalances. Our endocrinologist will explain the exact components of the test in detail. The blood test will be conducted at a pre-arranged appointment. For special blood tests (e.g., fertility issues), the timing of the female cycle must also be considered.
The blood test itself may cause mild discomfort. While seated, our assistant draws blood from a suitable vein using a needle, and the sample is sent for analysis. The results will be evaluated at a follow-up appointment, which is considered a control visit. If necessary, urine tests may also be performed.
Ultrasound is an important part of the endocrinological examination. Thyroid ultrasound can visualize thyroid nodules, other benign or malignant changes, and assess thyroid size. If needed, a fine-needle aspiration biopsy can be performed under ultrasound guidance to help with accurate diagnosis. A general abdominal ultrasound provides information about all important abdominal organs (liver, spleen, kidneys). For gynecological or fertility issues, the internal female reproductive organs can be thoroughly examined, including the ovaries and follicles, assessing their current maturity status. In men, testicular ultrasound may also be required.
If further imaging tests are needed beyond these examinations, we can arrange CT or MRI scans.